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Government and private organizations have built several national databases of US citizens and their actions. Different entities collect various data kinds for various purposes, nominal or otherwise. These databases are among the largest of their sort, if not the largest ever created. Access to government databases can be restricted through a variety of mechanisms, including the requirement of a warrant, subpoena, or simple request from another body of government. Commercial databases are typically created for profit. Data breaches can happen as a result of a vulnerability or an error in publication.
National data can be used for a variety of purposes, including conducting research, developing web and mobile applications, designing data visualizations, and more. It may contain information from a variety of industries, including healthcare, construction, education, and many more.
| Data types | Program | Collector | Nominal purpose | Contains | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contact and educational information[3][4] | Joint Advertising Marketing Research & Studies (JAMRS) | Department of Defense | Military recruitment | Public school students 17 and older | |
| Telephone call metadata | MAINWAY | National Security Agency | Military national defense | 1.9 trillion call-detail records (estimated) | |
| consumer transactions[5][6] | Consumer Financial Protection Bureau | at least 10 million consumers | |||
| Usual residency | Census | Census | assignment of federal representation | all persons | |
| Identity, citizenship, residency, income, employment, medical, incarceration, and contact information | Federal Data Services Hub | Internal Revenue Service and Health and Human Services | administration of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act | all persons | |
| Exteriors of mail | Mail Isolation Control and Tracking (MICT) | United States Postal Service | criminal surveillance | all mail | |
| DNA | Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) | Federal Bureau of Investigation | criminal investigation | 10 million persons | |
| Income and employment | Internal Revenue Service (IRS) | Internal Revenue Service | Tax collection | Federal taxpayers |
